Huayou Cobalt is one of the world’s biggest mining companies that can produce about 50 percent of the cobalt required for manufacturing lithium-ion batteries worldwide. They also have their own nickel mine in addition to a cobalt mine.

The joint venture for precursor production is made up of 60 percent of investments by Huayou Cobalt that can supply cobalt, nickel and manganese, and 40 percent by POSCO. 60 percent of investments for the joint venture for cathode material production comes from POSCO who owns the high-grade cathode material production technology and 40 percent of investments come from Huayou Cobalt. The joint ventures will be operating production lines for 4,600 tons of precursors and cathode materials a year starting from the second half of 2020.

POSCO and Huayou Cobalt sign agreements for joint ventures in cathode material supply and production.

Through these joint ventures, POSCO can now secure its market position in China by directly manufacturing and selling cathode materials locally. In addition, it can gain a competitive edge by securing a stable supply of not only precursors but also materials such as cobalt, nickel and manganese for POSCO ESM’s cathode materials plant in Gumi. Huayou Cobalt can expand its business in manufacturing and sales of cathode materials in addition to that of raw materials.

As the eco-friendly policies of the world continue to be tightened, the demand for electric vehicles, industrial energy storage systems (ESS) and IT bulk batteries has increased rapidly. Thus, the market for cathode materials, which are essential materials for lithium-ion batteries, is also expected to quadruple from 210,000 tons in 2016 to 860,000 tons in 2020.

Accordingly, the price of cobalt, one of the most expensive materials, tripled in the last two years, followed by the price of nickel and manganese. This explains why a stable supply of materials is essential for profitability.

POSCO’s lithium-ion battery material business is headed for future growth, and is expected to gain increased momentum with the joint ventures for precursors and cathode materials. POSCO completed its carbon lithium plant PosLX at Gwangyang Steelworks last year after 7 years of developing its own proprietary technology of directly extracting lithium in 2010. It is currently under commercial production.

Jong-sub Lee, executive VP of POSCO (third from right) explains POSCO’s products to Young-jin Kwon, Mayor of Daegu Metropolitan City (fourth from right) and Young-doo Kim, VP of Korea Gas Corporation (second from right) at the POSCO exhibition booth.

The Asia Pacific Gas Conference is the only gas-related international conference in Korea, first held in 2015. This year, under the theme of natural gas in the future energy market, more than 100 domestic and overseas companies participated, and showcased new technologies and products.

POSCO promoted its high manganese steel, 9% nickel steel, stainless steel and POSCO E&C’s LNG Terminal design and construction technology during the event.

The exhibition space at this year’s event was divided into Product, Solution, PR and Business zones, and on display were steel products related to LNG carriers, high manganese steel LNG storage tanks and onshore LNG storage tanks. In addition, visitors were able to experience the production of POSCO GIGA STEEL and POSCO’s smart via VR videos.

The conference covered topics such as the natural gas industry’s development plans, natural gas and LNG infrastructure as well as new transportation and storage technologies. POSCO also presented a case study of high manganese steel development and production during the part of the conference focused on new material solutions for the LNG industry.

Visitors to POSCO’s exhibition booth watch VR videos about the steelmaking process and the qualities of POSCO GIGA STEEL.

POSCO was able to take away key insights on the recent and future trends of the gas industry, create new business opportunities with potential customers and expand its business with existing customers during the conference. With the new-found knowledge and partnerships, POSCO will work to find more customized and innovative solutions for its partners in the gas industry.

Cover photo courtesy of APGC 2017.

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