STEEL Talk presents to you interesting stories of Science, Technology, Energy, Environment, Life — and of course STEEL!

Such a cute question! A little child sent us this note after visiting Pohang Works the other day. So we’ve opened up a new corner, [STEEL Talk] to tackle some questions like this, one by one. So, let’s get started!

Put simply, the answer is “Yes!” This unbelievably strong material is POSCO’s GIGA STEEL. First, let’s take a look at the image below and see how GIGA STEEL got its name and how strong it is.

Have you ever heard of the word “Giga”?

We use the word ‘Gigabyte’ when mentioning the capacity unit of a mobile phone or a computer. When you multiply 1,000 and Kilo — which means 1,000 — you get Mega. If you multiply that Mega by another 1,000, you get Giga. So you have to multiply 1,000 twice to get a Giga. That’s how big ‘Giga’ is.

Since GIGA STEEL has ‘Giga’ in its name, you can guess how strong this steel really is. Then how is it made? This has to do with the “rolling process”. When molten iron begins to solidify, many crystals appear and the shape of these crystals decides the property of the iron. So, if force is exerted on the iron and its crystal becomes even, the iron gets stronger. That is why the steelworks use big rollers to flatten out the iron evenly. This is called the rolling process.

GIGA STEEL also goes through this process. After adding a secret alloy to the molten iron from the furnace, and repeating the heating and rolling process, this super-strong steel is produced. Further details — what elements are added, how many times the heating and rolling is repeated — are POSCO’s secret, but you can get the idea, right?

We use the term ‘tensile strength‘ to describe the strongness of steel. Tensile strength is the amount of force steel can withstand when it is pulled on both sides. GIGA STEEL has a maximum tensile strength of 1,000 Mega Pa. Meaning, GIGA STEEL is an ultra high strength steel of more than 1 Giga Pa. (1,000 Mega Pa = 1 Giga Pa, Pa stands for Pascal, a unit for measuring pressure)

This means GIGA STEEL can withstand more than 100 kg per 1㎟ area. The surface area of a 10 won coin is 254.34㎟, so a 10-won coin can hold 25 tons!

Then how heavy is 25 tons? One ton is 1,000kg so 25 tons is 25,000 kg. And 25 tons equal to 710 children — each weighing 35 kg. A 10 won coin-sized GIGA STEEL can support children of a whole school! Isn’t it amazing?

This super-strong GIGA STEEL serves in a variety of uses in automobiles. Actually, your car might be using GIGA STEEL too!

Another man Mr. Byungwook Kim (25 years old at the time) was hit by careless driver in the road in 1998. As a consequence, his dream playing tennis in a national team simply disappeared.

Byungwook Kim, wear Work-on-suit in Cybathlon 2016 (Source: Professor Kong)

However, the miracle had happened to both of them due to the support of new advanced robotic technology called ‘wearable robot’. Now Mr. Kim is able to climb the stairs or even step the stones. Moreover, he won bronze Cybathlon 2016, the first Cyborg Olympic that competes robotic technologies for people with disabilities and Mr. Lee became the first person to deliver the torch in Pyeongchang Paralympic in 2018.

Wearable robots can be used in diverse sections such as protection in harsh condition (Source: Engineers Ireland)

Where we can find them?

In fact, wearable robot is already introduced in various fields. Wearable robot is applied not only for people with disabilities (paralysis of the whole body or partially) but also protection for employees from harsh conditions or life support purpose for the elders. For instance, the Korean steel manufacturing company, POSCO has applied wearable robot to manage the refractory in furnace which gave the advantage of increasing productivity by 12.6 billion won (worth as approximately 12.9 million US dollars). (Source: “Current level of Korean wearable technology?” (2016). Donga Ilbo).

The technology has brought a great improvement in terms of efficiency, enabling to save 54 days to finish the process consequently saving 12.1 billion won (worth 121 million US dollars) and the less human resources are requited that worth saving 8 hundred million won (worth 100 thousand US dollars). Furthermore, wearable robot is introduced into diverse fields such as supporting fireman or VR (virtual gaming).

SEE ALSO: Will Artificial Intelligence Lead to Breakthroughs in the Steel Industry?

Scene from ‘Iron man 3’. Wearable robot may come sooner than you anticipate (Source: theHollywoodreporter)

Is it realistic?

You can imagine the world famous move ‘Iron man (2008)’. In the movie, when Tony Stark (main character in the movie) simply calls the Iron man suit, it comes to his body automatically. As the series goes on, the technology of the suit also dramatically developed. Recently, news from the movie ‘Avengers: Infinity War’ stimulate the curiosity of new advanced technology of the Iron man suit.

Wearable robots may promise better quality of life (Source: ZDNet)

What makes that wearable robot get close to our real life rapidly? Significant improvement of wearable robot compartment such as electric motors, battery, processors can be the reason. But most of all, innovative development of material is the key factor.

Light weight, flexibility and endurance are the fundamental elements

Why materials?

Since the wearable robot is designed to fit in human body, the light weight of the structure is fundamental. Recommended materials for designing wearable robot need to be reinforced plastic or even lighter and have more flexibility.

High impact is another factor that wearable robot need to endure. The physical force of walking is the same amount of force that can bend 5mm X 10mm thickness of aluminum stick. Therefore, structure of the wearable robot should have adequate strength to protect the people who wear them. This is the reason why most of the wearable robots are made of alloy materials.

Therefore, the fundamental element for the success of wearable robot will be application of light and high impact materials into wearable robot’s structure. One of the good examples is “GIGA Steel” that has been recently invented by POSCO providing significant impression to robotic scientists by showing advanced quality on both hard impact and workability. GIGA steel is also recommendable for custom manufacture.

SEE ALSO: Auto Industry Finds Steel Solution for Lightweighting

Advanced robotic technology can lead elevation of quality of human life (Source: SG Robotics)

Pack of robots working in the factory is not just all about 4th industrial revolution. Wearable robot may play in a crucial role in improving human quality of life. With wearable robot’s help, walking disability might be considered as little discomfort in near future. Korea is one of the leading countries in wearable robotic fields and POSCO’s advanced technology may influence huge impact on the wearable robotic fields.