▲Stainless steel cold rolled coil products produced at POSCO Pohang Works.

In 2020, the Korea Iron & Steel Association and its members, including POSCO, produced an steelmaking educational comic “I want to create content about steel!”(The Birth Story of The steelmaking educational comic). This comic is on steelmaking’s importance and how environmentally friendly it is.

POSCO Global Newsroom publishes series of the steelmaking educational comic “I want to create content about steel!”, Once a week, 6 times.

chapter 1. Like mom and dad

POSCO Holdings will be working with the Taiwanese all-solid-state battery company Prologium to develop core materials for next-generation secondary batteries.

POSCO Holdings signed an agreement on May 12 to invest in Prologium for co-developing core materials, including cathode materials, silicon anode materials, and solid electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries, and set up a global supply system.

Prologium, founded in 2006, developed an all-solid-state battery in 2012 and has been selling it to manufacturers of small IT devices as smartwatches. The company is also attracting investment from global investors, jointly developing all-solid-state batteries for electric vehicles with major automakers like the Daimler Group of Germany.

Executive vice president Kyung-sub Lee, the Head of the LiB Materials Business Project Team of POSCO Holdings said, “We aim to strengthen our competitiveness in next-generation secondary battery materials and further expand our business portfolio by teaming up with Prologium.”

Vincent Yang, Chief Executive Officer of Prologium Technology remarked, “POSCO Group is the ideal partner as its business comprises not only of cathode and anode materials but also raw materials for secondary battery materials as lithium, nickel and graphite.” “I believe the partnership will speed up the production of all-solid-state batteries and contribute to the stable supply of core materials,” he added.

In conventional secondary batteries, electricity is generated and charged through a liquid electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes. All-solid-state battery is a next-generation battery using a solid electrolyte instead of the liquid one between the positive and negative electrodes and the separator removed, ensuring safety, and increasing energy density.

Meanwhile, POSCO Holdings is securing the competence to develop materials, including high-capacity cathode materials and silicon anode materials applicable to all-solid-state batteries. Earlier this year, it established POSCO JK Solid Solution, a solid electrolyte material manufacturing corporation, to reinforce the capacity for developing next-generation secondary battery materials.

However, the prominence of ridesharing services and the advent of self-driving cars are rapidly changing the ways we move around, and according to experts, vehicle ownership will likely decrease.

Despite these challenging circumstances, however, worldsteel believes steel is not only relevant, but it’s also crucial for the development and innovation of future vehicles.

What advantages does steel have, and how can it help take POSCO’s neo-mobility concept even further? Let’s find out as POSCO Newsroom presents worldsteel, “Future Mobility Solutions Will Have Steel at Their Heart.”

As the world’s mobility systems undergo profound changes, providers will continue to be reliant on steel to help overcome a number of key challenges.

Automotive transport sits at a critical junction. Patterns of mobility and the methods of getting from A to B are shifting in response to disruption from new technologies and more sustainable approaches to resource management.

Operators are looking at the ways we move and the environments in which we do it. Vehicle ownership will likely decrease, with integrated ridesharing, sustainable methods of public transport and automated vehicles set to represent a larger proportion of journeys.

This change will have to be reflected in the infrastructure that supports these new methods of mobility. Specially designed street signs and architecture will help signpost journeys for automated vehicles, while the quality and predictability of our road surfaces will grow in importance.

Steel intensive technologies such as battery storage and integrated charging infrastructure for electric vehicles also represent a key enabling factor that must be addressed if the next generation of automotive transport is to achieve mainstream adoption.

Some providers have explored installing charging infrastructure in the roads themselves, with steel belts in the vehicle tyres and steel electrodes under the highway surface allowing for charging to take place while in motion.

l Reinventing the Wheel?

It is not just transport infrastructure that is changing, the essential design of automotive interiors and exteriors are being rethought in line with shifting ergonomic demands. These new vehicles will be more of a shared living or working space on wheels than a traditional car or van.

Renault’s EZ-GO concept comfortably allows for six passengers and with its batteries and engine placed under the floor of the vehicle and a panoramic glass roof design, it offers a ride experience that maximises exterior views and passenger comfort.

As automotive design becomes more aligned with that of interior and living spaces, the need to maximise the room available in vehicles without compromising on safety will only grow.

Also, as populations rise and car ownership is likely to decrease, ensuring public transport services are able to accommodate a rise in passengers is highly important. The need for more efficient and sustainable transport will inevitably lead to more people making journeys in a smaller number of vehicles.

l A Place for Steel

The rollout of automated transport solutions will bring a renewed focus on safety. Some concepts, such as the EZ-GO, will have capped speed limits to ensure safety, as well as light and sound displays for pedestrian awareness due to their silent running.

Even with these measures there will be a need for robust vehicle chassis in case of collision. Advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) can offer this protection without forcing automotive designers to compromise on panoramic views and interior comfort and adaptability.

The light-weighting advantages of AHSS will also be paramount as operators look to squeeze as much performance out of battery technology as possible. Lowering weight without compromising on safety will allow for extended maximum ranges for e-vehicles, with corresponding impacts on networks as charging stations can be more spread out.

Batteries will also require high levels of protection from collisions, with high-strength housings crucial as this allows for battery placement to be optimised for ergonomic considerations without impacting on safety.

High quality electrical steel will also help reduce core losses in e-motors, improving efficiency and boosting range. The extreme strength of new electrical steels means they are also able to withstand high levels of mechanical stress, extending the lifetime of the engine and allowing for smaller high-speed motors that save on space and weight.

The new wave of vehicles will bring a renewed focus on sustainability, safety and passenger comfort. It is clear that if future mobility systems are to overcome all three of these key challenges, then steel will play a key role.

Images: © Copyright Renault Group 2018

The original content published on the worldsteel’s ‘Our Stories’ section is available at: https://stories.worldsteel.org/automotive/future-mobility-solutions/

POSCO endeavors to connect people and establish free communication between people and society through art. As part of such efforts, POSCO introduces a wide variety of exhibitions at the POSCO Art Museum. If you have any plans to visit Korea in the near future, or thinking about staying for a while, then you should definitely visit the Vertigo exhibition currently running at the POSCO Art Museum. It’s an opportunity too good to miss!

Australian Contemporary Art at a Glance

The Vertigo exhibition is a chance to take a comprehensive look into Australian contemporary art. Curated by Claire Anna Watson, Vertigo features work by ten contemporary Australian artists; Boe-lin Bastian, Cate Consandine, Simon Finn, Justine Khamara, Bonnie Lane, Kristin McIver, Kiron Robinson, Kate Shaw, Tania Smith and Alice Wormald. Presenting drawing, video, collage and sculptural works, the artists embrace diverse strategies in their attempt to make sense of the world around them, with dizzying results.

Vertigo, presented by Asialink Arts (funded by the Australian government), is part of an Exhibition Touring Program. The exhibition has already been greeted with enthusiasm in other venues in Asia including Indoneisa and Taiwan.

Following the touring exhibition’s success in Indonesia and Taiwan, the exhibition at POSCO opened on 24 July.

<During the exhibition, 10 young Australian contemporary artists will present a wide array of art, including neon signs, paintings, collages, drawings, videos and sculptures>

Director of Asialink Arts Lesley Alway says, “Reflecting on an accelerating world and its associated anxieties, Vertigo features a search for balance and a re-evaluation about priorities and possibilities for the future. At a time where we are connecting globally and searching for connections, dialogue about the way we live and envision the future has never been more important.”

△ Cate Consandine – Lash (2006)

Vertigo: The Exhibition
What does vertigo mean? If you look up the dictionary, it says, “a sensation of whirling and loss of balance; giddiness.” There is hardly another word that better reflects the identities of the 10 young, strikingly unique artists who participated in this exhibition. The artists, through their art, attempt to take the audience off guard and introduce a taste of chaos by making them experience the instability when one is faced with the unknown and the impossible. However, if you look at the artworks more carefully, you will realize that it is possible to overcome the fear and nervousness, and make sense out of the apparent confusion and chaos: Such an experience ultimately leads to the inner growth of the viewer.

“So what happens tomorrow?” Asks Claire Anna Watson, curator of Vertigo. “Lacking prescience, this is of course an unanswerable question that strikes at the heart of this exhibition. The bold offerings of the artists in Vertigo articulate the psychological repercussions and sense of dislocation that arises when considering the uncertainty of our world and its future.”

Do these works embody gravitas and signify a demise of hope? “They invite us to contemplate the volatility of humanity,” She answers.

[box] Vertigo @ POSCO Art Museum Exhibition Information

– Name of Exhibition : Vertigo – Chaos and dislocation in contemporary Australian art
– Exhibition Dates : 2014/7/24~2014/8/27
– Opening Hours : Mon-Fri: 10:00-19:00, Sat: 11:00-16:00 (Closed for Sundays and Holidays)
– Venue : POSCO Art Museum (B1 POSCO Center, 892 Daechi 4 Dong, Gangnamgu, Seoul, Korea)
– Fee : Free of Charge
– Artists : 10 Australian Contemporary Artists Boe-lin Bastian, Cate Consandine, Simon Finn, Justine Khamara, Bonnie Lane, Kristin McIver, Kiron Robinson, Kate Shaw, Tania Smith, & Alice Wormald
– Number of Artworks : 32 Works

For more information, please visit the POSCO Art Museum Homepage [/box]

Notable Artworks at Vertigo

The 10 artists participating in this exhibition are relatively young: most were born between 1970 and 1980. Nevertheless, these young, powerful artists are not only at the forefront of Australia’s contemporary art scene, but also making themselves known globally as well. From paintings and videos to sculptural works, the exhibition has a lot to offer in terms of both variety and intensity. Let us take a look at a few of the notable artworks available at the exhibition. 

#1 Justine Khamara – ‘Rotational Affinity’ (2013)

“In the past, I have sought to disrupt photography’s smooth, two-dimensional surfaces by building sculptures and collages entirely out of photographic parts. These works evoke biological processes of replication while also engaging with notions of self-representation in an era of instant, endlessly generative image production technologies. There is an undeniably psychological aspect to these works that is amplified by the fact that many of the sitters who appear in the photos are my close family members.” – Justine Khamara, on the ways he uses technological developments as an artistic medium.

#2 BONNIE LANE ‘MAKE Believe’ (2012) 

“By exploring emotional responses to the world in which we live, my predominantly video based practice focuses on universal human experiences from an often-existential perspective. My video pieces utilize the atmosphere and history of existing architectural spaces to create immersive environments to be stepped into. My artworks are often wholly or partly autobiographical, an amalgamation of experiences and memories, dreams and nightmares, fears and fantasies.” –Bonnie Lane, explaining her art philosophy.

#3 KIRON ROBINSON ‘I’m Scared World’ (2006)

“I use a range of mediums including neon, video, photography and installation to investigate the idea of doubt, faith and failure as constructive devices. My work continually chases ways of articulating, that which by its own definition is beyond articulation. [This work] explores the condition of experiencing and facing the idea of beyond from a position grounded in a contingent world.” – Kiron Robinson on how he tries to makes sense of the world through his art.

[box] Interview of Contemporary Artist Simon Finn

[Introduction] Born in 1976 at Melbourne, Australia, Simon Finn expresses the unmoving and the moving through drawings, sculpture and simulation technology. He is currently teaching classes on animation and game design at the SAE Institute of the Design Institute of Australia. He is also an award-winning artist who holds various exhibitions.

Q. What was the most impressing thing about Korea?
A. Korea is very beautiful, and there are lots to see. The most impressing thing about Korea was its food. Australian food is a bit bland; Korean food was powerful and unique. It was a very interesting experience.

Q. Could you please explain your art philosophy, and your thoughts on Korean Contemporary Art?
A. I am interested in new culture, human society, the environment, and technology. I think my interests blend in naturally into my work. I’ve had a chance to experience Korean contemporary art, and was very surprised to see there were a lot of interesting and unique ideas. Though my stay was short, it was a meaningful time getting to know about Korean culture and art. I’m going to spread the word about Korean culture and art when I go back to my home country.[/box]

The artists who participated in Vertigo are expressing their art philosophies in various ways. They are not satisfied with absolute beauty; rather, they try to communicate with the audience by showing them how they see today’s world with their own eyes. Can you feel the dissonance between dream and reality, the present and the future, and the feeling of uncertainty that arises?

POSCO Art Museum will continue to provide interesting and unique art experiences that leave the viewer thinking. Please look forward to more exhibitions in the future, and don’t forget to pay a visit when you have the chance!